I.Fill in the blanks:
1. Mining is alsoknown as a ____________ Industry.
Ans : Robber
2. Open cast miningis also called__________.
Ans : Quarrying
3. Minerals are non– renewable____________.
Ans : Resources
4. Mica is used in_____________ industries.
Ans : Electrical
5. ____________aretower like features in the oil fields.
Ans : Derricks
6. Minerals areclassified based on their metallic content as_______ minerals, _________minerals and________.
Ans : metallic, non– metallic, power.
7. In the alluvialmining minerals are extracted by ________or_________.
Ans : Panning,dredging
8. Minerals onceextracted cannot be__________.
Ans : Replaced
9. Lime stone isextracted by _________.
Ans : Quarrying
10. Sulphur is usedin _________ industries.
Ans : Heavychemical
II.Choose the correct answer:-
1. The mineralfound in alluvial deposits is ___________.
a) Gold b) Iron c) Coal
Ans : a) Gold
2. The ore ofaluminium is ____________.
a) Sulphur b) Salt c) Bauxite
Ans : c) Bauxite
3. Anthracite isthe ore of _____________.
a) Iron b) Coal c) Gold
Ans : b) Coal
4. A kind of non metallicmineral is
a) Petroleum b) Sulphur c) Iron
Ans : b) Sulphur
III.Match the following:
| 1. Fuel | a) Tin |
| 2. Malaysia | b) Gold |
| 3. Alluvial Mining | c) Quarrying |
| 4. Limestone | d) Chile |
| 5. Copper | e) Coal |
Ans : 1 – E, 2 – A,3 – B, A – C, 5 – D.
IV.Answerbriefly:-
1.How do Minerals occur on the earth?
i) Minerals mayoccur in pure form or many be mixed with other materials of the rocks as ores.
ii) Minerals oresmay occur in cracks, faults or joints of rocks or as sediments.
2.Write a note on Shaft mining.
i) In the shaftmining ores are extracted from greater depths beneath the surface.
ii) Shaft mining ismore expensive than the surface mining.
3.Name the different types of coal.
Peat, lignite, bituminousand anthracite are the different are mineral fuels.
4.What are mineral fuels?
Coal, Oil andnatural gas are mineral fuels.
5.What is alluvial mining?
Alluvial mining isused to extract minerals by panning or dredging minerals like tin and goldwhich are sometimes mixed with alluvium in the river bed.
V.Detail
1.Describe the types of mining.
i) There aredifferent types of mining to extract minerals. Mining may be on the surface orsubsurface depending the occurrence of minerals.
ii) Surface mining,Quarrying and drilling are the three major types of mining.
Surface Mining
Surface miningmethod includes open cast mining strip mining and alluvial mining. It is usedto mine the minerals.
Open Cast Mining
Open cast miningmethod includes open cost mining.
Strip mining
Strip miningremoves long strips of over lying soil and rock.
Alluvial mining
Alluvial mining isused to extract minerals by panning or dredging minerals like tin and goldwhich are sometimes mixed with alluviam in the river bed.
Quarrying
Quarrying is themining of building materials like limestone from the earth’s surface.
Underground mining
i) In undergroundmining ores extracted from greater depths beneath the surface.
ii) Undergroundmining is more expensive than the surface mining.
Drilling
i) Drilling methodis used to extract minerals like oil and natural gas.
ii) Oil rigs areused for sights in the fields are the tower like features or derricks whichmark the places where the oil is being drilled.
2.Write an essay on metallic minerals.
Minerals like iron,Copper, aluminium, tin and gold are metallic.
Iron Ore
i) Magnetite, hematite,limonite and siderite are the different types of iron ore.
ii) Iron one minesare found largely in U.S.A Canada, Australia, China, Brazil, India andKazakhstan.
Copper
i) Copper is Minedfrom open pits.
ii) Large coppermines are found in Utah in USA Mexico, Zambia, Chile and Indonesia.
Bauxite:
i) Bauxite is theore of aluminum
ii) Bauxite is theore of aluminum
Tin
i) Tin ore iscalled cassiterite
ii) Tin ore isobtained by alluvial mining.
Gold
i) Gold is aprecious
ii) It is extractedthrough the placer or alluvial method
iii) Carat is theterm used for the purity of gold.