ANCIENT TAMIL NADU

I.Choose the correct answer:

1. The area thatwas considered as the most ancient one in the world

Thearea in the south of vindhiya

2. The land mass onthe south Kanyakumari during pre-historic period

Continentof Kumari

3. The place whereevolution of man began

Lemuria

4. Which year isconsidered as the birth year of Thiruvalluvar

BC31

5. The city wherethe Second Sangam was held

Kapadapuram

II.Fill in the blanks:

1. ———– wasthe organization where the Tamil poets assembled and did the literaryresearch  in Tamil

Kudal

2. The ———-were the ancestors of the people of Cape Comorin.

AncientTamilians

3. The historicalperiod of the Tamil Began from —————- age.

Sangam

4. The grammar book————- originated before Third Sangam.

Tolkappium

5. ———- wasthe most important occupation of the Sangam age.

Agriculture

III.Match the following:

1. Tolkappium             – book before Tamil Sangam

2. Mullai          – Forest area

3. PandiyarNeduncheziyan – Yano Arrasan; Yanae Kalvan

4. Heroic death                               – Hero stone

5. Kurinchi                           – Mountain area

6. Neithel                             – Coastal area

IV.Answer the following:

1. Why is TamilKnown as classical language?

Scholarscall Tamil a classical language, because it had developed without the help ofother language.

2. Name the Tamilwords which are used to denote the mode of travel at sea.

· Navai

· Kalam

· Kappal

· Thoni

· Odam

· Padagu

· Theppam andKatamaram

· Which are the wordsused to denote mode of the travel at sea.

3. Why is Maduraiknown as Kudal?

· The last Sangam washeld in Madurai Muthoor.

· It was known asKudal as the Pandiya kings patronized the poets and held research on Tamil

4. What are thecountries with whom the Tamilians had trade?

They had Tradecontact with

· Egypt

· Yavanam

· Rome

· China and

· Other Easterncountries.

· They followedbarter system.

5. Mention thephysical divisions of the land during the Sangam age.

· Kurinchi – Mountainarea

· Mullai – Forestarea

· Marutham –Cultivatable area/ agriculture

· Neidel – Coastalarea

· Palai – Droughtarea

6. Name the famouspandya kings.

Thepandya king Mudathirumaran and Thalaiyalanganathu Cheruvendra Neduncheziyan.

7. Name importantChera kings

Thefamous, Chera kings Imayavarmban Neduncheralathan and Sillambu Pugazh Cheran Senguttuvan.

8. Write notes onKarikal Peruvalathan.

· Karikalan who ruledover two thousand years ago conqured Ealam.

· He made thecapatives build the bankriver Cauvery.

· Kallainai whichexists even today was built by him.

· This famous kingwas called Karikal Peruvalathan.

9. Name theKadaiyelu Vallalgal.

· The sevenchieftains were called as Kadaiyelu Vallalkal.

· The famous amongthem were:

· Pari,

· Ori,

· Kari,

· Nalli,

· Elini,

· Pegan and Aay.

10.Mention the social satatus of women during the Sangam age.

· Womenhad the privilege of choosing their life partners.

· Parentsagreed to that.

· Womenwere not treated as per the Vedas.

V.Answer in Detail:

1. Write the characteristicfeatures of the ancient Tamil.

· Tolkappium whichwas a pride to Tamil Literature.

· Tamil literaturewould have developed a few thousand years ago.

· Tamil which isadoptive to grammatical norms and is called Senthamizh.

· Scholars call Tamilis classical language

· Because it haddeveloped without the help of other languages.

2. Describe theFirst, Second and Third Sangam.

First sangam:

· The capital ofPandyas was Thenmadurai.

· Tamizhvalarthathalaisangam assembled there.

· Thenmadurai wastaken away by the sea.

Second Sangam:

· In Kapadapuram thepoets gathered and had the Second Sangam.

· The last sangam washeld.

· That city alsobecame a prey to tsunami.

Third Sangam:

· The last Sangam washeld in Madurai Muthoor

· These sangams wouldhave been for a long time.

3. Write about thesea trade of the Sangam Age.

· The language Tamilis abundant with words like Navai, Kalam, Kappal,Thoni,

Odam, Padagu, Theppam and Katamaram which areused to denote the mode of travel at sea.

· There were manyports like Puhar, (kaveri poompattinam) Korkai, Musiri, Thondi and vanchi.

· They had tradecontacts with Egypts, Yavanam, Rome, China and other eastern countries.They followed the barter system.

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